Predation of Rhinella crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) (Anura: Bufonidae) by Helicops angulatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Squamata: Dipsadidae) in the northeast of Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70782/heringeriana.v20i1.918101Keywords:
trophic relationship, anuran, watersnake, feeding behaviorAbstract
We report a predation event in which the semiaquatic snake Helicops angulattus preyed upon the bufonid frog Rhinella crucifer in a lentic water body within the APA Aldeia-Beberibe, Pernambuco, Brazil. The event was observed in its entirety, from the initial strike to complete ingestion, which lasted 23 minutes. This constitutes the first documented trophic interaction between H. angulattus and R. crucifer, as well as the first record of H. angulattus feeding on anurans in the state of Pernambuco, expanding current knowledge on the species’ diet and predator–prey relationships.
Handling Editor: Dra. Caroline Oswald
References
Acosta-Ortiz, J.M & Vos, V.A. 2023. Anurophagy by the Brown-banded Watersnake, Helicops angulattus (Squamata: Colubridae): A Review with New Records. Reptiles & Amphibians, 30:e18435
Baldissera, F.A.B.; Caramaschi, U. & Haddad, C.F.B. 2004. Review of the Bufo crucifer species group, with descriptions of two new related species (Amphibia: Anura: Bufonidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional 62: 255-282.
Estrella, A., Rodríguez-Torres, A., Serna, L., Navarrete, L. F., Rodriguez-Acosta, A. 2011. Helicops angulattus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Dipsadidae: Xenodontidae) venomous? Herpetotropicos, 5: 79-84.
Frost, Darrel R. 2026. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.2 (09 january 2026) Electronic Database accessible at https://amphibiansoftheworld.amnh.org/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
Kaefer, I.L. and A. Montanarin. 2011. Helicops angulattus (South American Watersnake). Diet. Herpetological Review, 42: 291.
Martins, M. and M.E. Oliveira. 1998. Natural history of snakes in forests of the Manaus region, central Amazonia, Brazil. Herpetological Natural History 6: 78–150.
Pereira, E., Santos, E.M. & Rodrigues, M.F 2016. Guia dos anfíbios do Parque Estadual De Dois Irmãos. Editora da UFRPE. Recife.
Pramuk, J. B. (2006). Phylogeny of South American Bufo (Anura: Bufonidae) inferred from combined evidence. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 146(3), 407–452.
Reis, J.A., E.J. Reis, L. Cunha, and A.M. Rocha. 2010. Helicops angulattus (Water Snake). Diet and reproduction. Herpetological Review 41: 93.
Ribeiro-Kawashita, R.A., Ávila, R.W., Morais, D.H. 2013. A new snake of the genus Helicops Wagner, 1830 (Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae) from Brazil. Herpetologica, 69: 80-90.
Shepard, D.B. 2007. The habitat, but not the shape of the body, affects the frequency of predator attack on models of lizards in the Brazilian Cerrado. Herpetologica 63: 193–202.
Teixeira, C.C., L.F.A. Montag, and M.C. Santos-Costa. 2017. Diet composition and foraging habitat use by three species of water snakes, Helicops Wagler, 1830 (Serpentes: Dipsadidae) in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. Journal of Herpetology 51: 215–222.
Toledo, L.F.; Ribeiro, R.; Haddad, C.F. 2007. Anurans as prey: an exploratory analysis and size relationships between predators and their prey. Journal of Zoology, 271: 170-177.
Uetz, P., Freed, P., Aguilar, R., & Hošek, J. (eds.). The Reptile Database. https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz. Accessed 08 January 2026.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Isabel Gonzalves Velasco, Sabrina Nascimento Silva, João Victor Alves de Oliveira

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
By submitting, the authors declare that they have not submitted the work to another journal and agree to have their article published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International BY License (CC BY 4.0), which means that authors retain ownership of the copyright but anyone can use the published content provided the original authors and source are cited. The scientific, orthographic and grammatical content is the full responsibility of the authors.


